Calculating-machine.



No. 680,34l.

Patented Aug. 13,1901. J. MALLMANN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

, (Application med nec. 2'1, 1900.1 (llo Model.)

8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

we Nonms PETERS co.. woruumm wAsnmuwN. u. c.

Patented Aug. I3, 190|.

J. MALLMANN.

GALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application meinem 21, 1900.)

s sheets-sheet a.

v (No Model.)

No. 680,341. Patented Aug. I3, |901.

J. MALLMANN. 1

CALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application led Dec. 21, 1900.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

Patented Aug. I3, i90l.

J. MALLMANN.

cALcuLATmG MAcHlNE.

(Application led, Dec. l21, 1900.\

No. 680,34l.

(No Model.)

. we noms Pcfzn co., vuovamnc.. wnsumoron. o c.

No. 680,341. Patented Aug. I3, |90.

.l. MALLM'ANN.

GALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 21, 1900.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-*Sheet 6.

me N'onms PETERS co, pHoro-LITRO.. wAsmNamN, 4 c4 Patented Aug. I3, 196|.

Nn. 680,34I.

J. MALLMANN.

CALGULATING MASHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 21, 1900.)

(No Model.)

8 Sheets-Sheet mfm.

NNN

No. 680,34l. Patented Aug. ls, |901. J. MALLMANN.

cALcuLATma mAcHmE.

l(Applicationl led Dec. 21. 1900.)

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 8.'

we scams PETERS co, Pnoraumu.. WASHINGTON. o. c.

Uivrrn Srnrns :Armer trice.

JAMES MALLMANN, or sHEBoYeAN, WISCONSIN.

CALCULATINGMACHINE.

SFECIFXGATION'for-mng part of Letters Patent No. 680,341, dated August 13, 1901. Application ined Decanter 21. 1906. *serial no. 40.607. (No model.)

To LZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES MALLMANN, residing at Sheboygan, in the county of Sheboygan and State of Wisconsin, haveinvented a new and useful Improvementin Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are a part of this specification.

Myinvention has relation to improvements in calculating-machines, more particularly to certain improvements upon the' machine described in my pending application for Letters Patent tilel September l, 1900, Serial No. 28,745. www@ uw o The primary objects had in view are to provide improved mechanism for causing all of the longitudinal actuating-bars on one side of the longitudinal actuating-bar which has' been positively actuated by the depression of the key to move the required distance to enable the rear teeth of said actuating-bars to turn the printing-wheels from their normal position in which a blank space is presented to printing position'to a position in which O is presented for printing, whereby, for

instance, if it is desired to show 100 on the calculating-wheels and print this number on the paper it is only necessary to press down the l key of the third column, and as all the calculating-wheels are'normally at 0 the calculating-Wheel which has been actuated by the movement ot' the longitudinal actuating-bar relating to the key which was depressed will show l, while the calculatingwheels on one side thereof will disclose Y OO, and at the same time the printing-Wheels will have been turned so as to bring l on one A of the printing-wheels to printing position ward the left.

,improved means providing for a gradual outward or forward movement of the longitudinal actuating-bars when released from their locked position, and thereby avoiding sudden 'and violent contact of the shoulders of said bars with the lower ends of the depressed keys; improved means for preserving the total on the calculating-wheels while the total is being printed on the slips of paper, the paper being spaced for a divisional line just previous to the printing of the total; improved mechanism for causing the inkingribbon to wind up on one reel and unwind from the other, or vice versa, and improved mechanism for holding the printing-wheels in alined position.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in View the invention consists lof the devices and parts or their equivalents, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of the invention with the casing in section. Fig. 2 is ay plan View, part-s of the casing broken away. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section of the machine removed from the casing. Fig. 4 is a crosssection on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3 looking to- Fig. 5 is a detail View of parts shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional vie .v on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3 looking toward the right. Fig. 7 is a fragment of a side of vthe machine opposite to that shown in Fig.

l. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section, with certain parts removed, showing those parts which are arranged on the inside of the machine. Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. S, showing the parts on the inside of the frame, but located on the opposite side to the side shown in Fig. 8. Fig. l0 is a plan view of the bar for returning the calculating-Wheels to O and allied-mechanism. Fig. 1l is a detail view of the mechanism for returning to 0. Fig. l2 is a front view of the keyboard, showing the finger-pieces of the keys broken away. Fig. 13 is a viewot' one ot' the IOO calculating-wheels and mechanism for operating it in the opposite position to that shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 14 is a plan View of a fragment of one of the actuating-bars. Fig. 15 is a side view of one of the calculatingwheels. Fig. 1G is a view of a plurality of the calculating-wheels mounted upon their shaft', several of said wheels beingin section, and also showing the disk which forms a part of the mechanism for returning to 0. Fig. 17 is an end view of the mechanism for operating the calculating-wheels, said calculating-wheels being shown by dotted lines. Fig. 18 is a plan view of one of the sliding bars for holding the keys depressed and locking the other keys of a line from being depressed. Fig. 19 is an edge view of Fig. 18, and Fig. 2O is a detail of a modification in the zero- Setting mechanism.

The casing of the machine may be of any desirable construction best adapted for invlosing the operative parts; but I prefer to employ a casing of the general form of construction shown in the aecompanyingndrawings and best illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, said casing consisting of two similar side pieces a, a top piece l), and a rear hinged piece c. The top piece curves around the front of the machine, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, and to the rear of this front curved portion is an upwardly-slanting portion, which is provided wit-h a series of sight-openings d and to the rear of the sight-openings with a series of longitudinal slits e, through which the keys hereinafter referred to are free to pass. The rear hinged piece c extends over and protects the printing-wheels hereinafter mentioned and is provided with a knobffor convenience in ,turning it upwardly on its hinge.

The frame for supporting the operative parts of the machine and which frame is arranged within the casing may be of any desirable construction; but I prefer to employ the form herein shown, which consists generally of a bottom piece g, two similar side pieces 7L 71, provided with front and rear depending legs t' 't' and j, respectively, the lower ends of said legs being connected to the bottom piece, front and rear transverse connecting-bars 7c 7c, and diagonal brace-straps l Upon this frame is mounted the entire operative mechanism of the machine, so that the casing may be removed and separated from said operative parts.

About medially of the framework of the machine is arranged a keyboard, consisting of a suitable frame, the principal parts of which consisting of a series of upper longitudinal slats m, arranged edge to edge, and each provided in its side edge with a series of rectangular recesses 'n and a series of similar lower slats o, arranged edge to edge, and each slat 0 also provided in its side edge with a series of rectangular recesses p, which arein line with the recesses n. Of course instead of providing upper and lower slats upper and lower boards could be employed provided with the recesses referred to. Adapted to loosely engage in the registering recesses n and p in each line are operating-keys q, said keys gradually increasing in height 'from the forward keys rearward and being preferably bent, so as to provide a step-by-step arrangement of the finger-pieces at the upper ends of the keys. Nine of these keys are shown in each line. The finger-pieces of each line of keys are numbered consecutively from 1 to 0, the rear keys of the line being numbered 1, and the numbers increasing consecutively toward the front. It is obvious that any desirable number of lines of keys may be provided. In the machine illustrated in the accompanying drawings I have shown eight of said longitudinal lines of keys.

Upon the upper slats m are a series of slidable bars r, there being one of said bars for each line of keys. Each bar is formed on one edge with a series of diagonal slots s, the number of said slots corresponding to the number of keys in each line. Each key is provided with a laterally-extending pin t, which is normally in line with the upper end of the slot s corresponding thereto. Below slats m each key is encircled by a coiled spring u, and these springs at their upper ends act against pins o, intersecting the keys, and thereby normally hold the keys u p. The opposite ends of the slidable bars 9' iit in recesses therefor in transverse guide-strips tu w. Each slidable bar r is held in a normal position by means of a coiled spring rc, one end of each spring being secured to a pin extending upwardly from the slidable bar and the opposite end of each spring being secured to a pin extending upwardly from the forward transverse guide-strip w.

It will be noticedthat the lower ends of the keys of each line of keys are normally a slight distance above the upper edge of a longitudinal actuating-bar y, there being one of said bars for each line of keys. The lower extremities of all the keys of each line of keys are just above the longitudinal actuating-bar relating thereto and is free to be moved downwardly to the upper edge of the longitudinal4 actuating-bar, with the excep tion of the forward key of each line, or the key numbered 0. Each one of these keys is shorter than the other keys, and while it fits in a recess p, yet its downward movement is limited by contact with a ledge e, which closes the lower end of the recess pertaining thereto.

The longitudinal actuatingbars /g/ are adapted to slide in suitable guideways in the framework, and each of these bars is provided at its forward end and upon its upper edge with a series of rearwardly and upwardly inclined teeth 1, there being nine of such teeth shown. The rear portion of each longitudinal aetuatingbar is formed or pro vided with an arm 2. These several arms incline inwardly or converge toward each IOO IOS

IIO

other, and from the termination of the inclined portions thereof they extend in straight parallel portions, which are provided on their upper edges with teeth 3.

At the forward end of the machine and journaled in the side pieces of the framework is a shaft 4, said shaft having mounted loosely thereon a series of calculating-wheels 5, the number of said wheels corresponding to the number of sight-openings d and also corresponding to the number of longitudinal actuating-bars y. It is obvious, however, that any desired number of calculating-wheels, openings d, and bars y may be employed. Each calculating-wheel has arranged around its periphery a series of numbers running from 0 to 9. Each calculating-wheel has also projecting from one side thereof and integral with or fast to said side a ratchetwheel 6. A pawl 7 engages each ratchetwheel and prevents backward rotation of said wheel, and consequently holds said wheel in adjusted position. v

The rear ends of coiled springs 8 are secured to the rear ends of the longitudinal actuating-bars, andthe forward ends of these springs are secured to a transverse rod 9.

` The tendency of these springs is to throw the 4longitudinal actuating-bars forward.

All the actuating-bars which engage with and operate the calculating-wheels are normally held back or locked at the rear limit of their movement, and to provide for this each bar is provided on one side with a lateral lug 10. I also provide stop-.arms 1l. (Shown specificallyin Fig. 5 of the drawings.) One of these stop-arms is provided for each of the actuating-bars which operates a calculating-wheel, and each stop-arm is mounted medially on a pivot-pin 12. The upper end of each stoparm bears against an inclined edge 13 at the rear end of each slidable bar r.

Just to the rear of the stop-arms 11 and pivote'd upon the same pivot-pins 12 are a series of arms 14, which I will style zeroarms, the number of these arms corresponding to the number of stop-arms 11. These zero-arms are shown specifically in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and their upper ends also rest against the inclines 13, while their lower ends normally engage the lugs 10 of the actuatingbars y. From Fig. 4 it will be seen that each zero-arm is widened between its extremities, forming near the upper end, on one side, a projecting shoulder 15, which contacts with the opposed edge of the next adjacent arm, the width of the arm gradually decreasing downwardly from this shoulder, and said opposed edge of the next adjacent arm also gradually tapering inwardly downwardly. It will be evident from this construction that if an operating-key in any particular line of keys is depressed the pin 't thereof will ride down the diagonal slot s of the particular slidable bar r relating thereto and said slidable bar will be forced rearwardly, the incline 13of course necessarily thereby acting on the upper ends of the stop-arm 11 and the zero-arm 14 and cause said arms to turn on their pivots. The turning of the arm 14 will release its lower end from engagement with the lug 10 of the actuating-bar, and at the same time it will be evident that by the provision of t-he shoulders 15 all the Zeroarms to the left (taking Fig. 4 as a basis) of the particular zeroarm acted upon by the slidable bar fr will likewise be turned on their pivots, the purpose of which will be hereinafter more fullywexplained. Whenthezero-arms14areswungout of engagement with the lugs 10, then upon the turning of the crank (the turning of the crank being necessary for the reason hereinafter more clearly explained) the springs 8 at once thrust the actuating-bars relating to the particular keys depressed forward, said actuating-bars moving with the bar 32. This forward movement of the actuating-bars is limited by Contact of a shoulder 16 on the upper edge of leach of said bars with the lower end of the particular key which has been depressed. In the case of the forward keys, or the keys numbered 9, the movement of the longitudinal hars is not limited by the engagement of the shoulder 16 with the lower ends of said keys, but the shoulders 16 in such case contact with the ledge e and the forward movement ot said keys of the denomination of nine thereby limited. At the proper time each arm 11 which was turned on its pivot is returned to its normal position by a spring 17, one of the free ends of each of said springs bearing against the arm at or about the pivotal point of the arm and the opposite end of said spring bearing against the edge of the armat a point removed from thepivotpoint. In the case of the zero-arms 14 such of these arms as are turned on their pivot in the manner hereinbefore pointed out are returned to their normal position at the proper time by the action of a spring 18 bearing with its free end against the edge of the outermost arm at one side.

When the slidable bars r are moved. rearwardly inthe manner explained, mechanism of course is necessary to hold said bars in their rearwardly-thrust position. For this purpose I provide a series of levers 19, each lever being pivoted at its lower end and having its upper -end normally engaging a cutout portion 2O (see Fig. 18) at one corner of the forward end ot' the slidable part. A spring 21 bears against the edge vof each lever 19. Now, the moment a slidable bar is moved rearwardly the spring 21, as soon asA theforward end of the slidable bar escapes the lever, will cause said lever to turn on its pivot in a direction to throw the upper end of the lever in front of the forward end ofthe slidable bar, and hence hold said slidable bar in its rearwardly-thrust position. Ofv course at a certain period of the operationof the Inachine it becomes necessary that the slidable IOO IIC

bars, which are thus held intheir rearwardlynormal position, and to accomplish this I prefer to provide a transverse lever-actuating bar 22, provided with a series of projecting pins 23, said pins corresponding in number to the number of levers employed. The bar 22 is normally held in the position shown in Fig. 12 by means of a spring 2a pressing against one end thereof. It is obvious that by moving the bar 22 toward the left, with respect to Fig. 12, the several pins 23 will contact with the levers 19, and consequently turn said levers so that their upper ends will be turned out of engagement with the forward ends of the slidable bars r, and the moment this occurs said slidable bars will be thrown forwardly by the action of the springs At this time the action of the mechanism on the transverse leveractuating bar 22 ceases, and hence the spring 21 returns said bar to its normal position and the pins 23 are thereby brought away from the lever 19, and hence the sprin gs 21 will be free to turn said levers so as to return them to normal position or with their upper ends engaging the cut-away portions 2O of the slidable bars. Any desirable mechanism may be employed for moving the lever-actuating bar 22 in a direction to cause the pins 23 to contact with the levers 19. l prefer, however, to employ the specific mechanism hereinafter more fully explained.

In regard to the longitudinal actuating-bars y it has already been explained how these bars are thrust forwardly-z'. c., by the action of the springs S-upon the release of the lugs 10 of said bars from the lower ends of the zero-arms 14. It of course becomes necessary at a certain period of the operation of the machine to return the longitudinal actuating-bars to their normal rearwardly-thrust position. This action is accomplished by means of the mechanism which will now be explained. Journaled in the side pieces of the frame is a shaft 25, upon which is mounted a toothed wheel 26, and on the extremity of said shaft, adjacent to the onteiside of the toothed wheel, is a hand-crank 27. The toothed wheel 26 meshes with another toothed wheel 28, mounted on a shaft 29. Rigid with the opposite ends of this shaft 19 are cranks 30 30. To the ends of these cranks are pivotally connected the rear ends of links 31 31, the forward ends of said links being pivotally connected to the opposite ends of a transverse movable bar 32, the ends of said bar working in suitable guideslots 33, formed in forward extensions 34 from the frame. When all the longitudinal actuating-bars y are in the position shown in Fig. 3, or, in other words, are thrust and held rearwardly, the movable transverse bar 32 is at the rear ends of the slots 33 and against the forward ends of the bars y. Now when it is desired to operate the machine the keys representing the particular bars desired to be operated upon are depressed, and this releases the particular actuating-bars y pertaining thereto in the manner hereinbefore fully pointed out. The hand-crank 27 is next turned, and on the turning thereof the links 31 cause the movable transverse bar 32 to move outwardly or toward the forward end of the machine, and as this bar thus moves outwardly the springs 8 are free to cause the longitudinal actuatingbars to move outwardly or forwardly with the bar By permitting the longitudinal actuating-bars to gradually move outwardly with the movable transverse bar 32 the sudden or violent outward movement of the actuating-bars by the springs 8 is avoided, and violent contact of the shoulders 16 of said bars with the lower ends of the depressed keys is thereby prevented. 'lhe bar 32 continues to move outwardly until it reaches the forward ends of the slots 33. The longitudinal actuatingbars y, however, only move outwardly the distance permitted by contact of the shoulders 16 with the lower ends of the depressed keys. Now with the continued turning of the hand-crank the movable transverse bar 32 is caused to move inwardly or in a direc` tion toward the rear end of the machine, and after said bar has moved a certain distance it will contact with the ends of the longitudinal actuating-bars y, which have been` thrust forwardly, and thereby cause said bars to be returned to their normal rear positions. Just before the completion of the rearward return movement of the longitudinal actuating-bars the mechanism for operating the transverse lever-actuating bar 22 comes into play and releases such of the slidebars r as were thrust rearwardly and permits the springs a; to return said slide-bars to their normal forwardly-thrust position, the return of said bars of course causing the inclines 13 to act on the locking-arms l1 and the zeroarms 14, the zero-arms being thereby turned in a direction to cause them to again engage in advance of the lugs 10, and thereby lock the longitudinal actuating-bars in their rearwardly-thrust position.

The mechanism for actuating the transverse lever-actuating bar 22 will now be explained. Projecting inwardly from the inner face of the toothed wheel 28 is a pin 35. (See Fig. 1.) Suitably pivoted at a medial point of the framework is a lever 36. This lever is so formed that the pin will contact therewith only at a time when the toothed wheel 28 has almost completed its revolution. The pin at this time will then contact with the broad rear end 37 of the lever. The forward end of the lever engages with a notch 3S, formed in the rear edge of a vertical rod 39. This rod is movable in suitable guideways and is provided upon its inner face with an inclined surface 40, which is adapted to engage with the inclined end 41 of the lever-actuating bar 22. lt is obvious from this construction that when the toothed wheel 2S has almost completedits revolution the pin 35 will be brought into engagement with the end 37 of the IOO IOS

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lever 3G, and said lever will thereby be turned on its pivot in a direction to cause the forward end of the lever', through its engagement with the rod 39, to cause a down movement of said rod. This down movement of rod 39 will, through the engagement of the bevels 40 and 4l, cause a longitudinal movement of the lever-actuating bar 22, and this movement of said bar will cause the pins` 23 thereof to act against the levers 19, and hence provide for the return movement of the slidable bars r in the manner hereinbefore fully pointed out. The moment the pin 35 escapes the end 37 of the lever 36 upon the completion of the turning of the wheel 28 said lever is free to return to its former position and the rod 39 permitted to move upwardly to its normal position by spring-pressure thereagainst, and in thus moving upwardly the spring 24 will be free to return the lever-actuating bar 22 to its normal position. It will be noticed that the rod 39 is continued upwardly and provided upon its upper end with a finger-button. This provides for the rod 39 being depressed by finger-pressure independent of the operation of the lever 36, forI a purpose hereinafter to be stated.

Mounted loosely on a transverse shaft 42, located toward the rear end of the machine, is a series of printing-wheels 43, each of said wheels having around the periphery thereof a series of type with the numbers 0 to 9 thereon. Secured fast to one side of each printing-wheel is a toothed wheel 44, and each of these toothed wheels is in aposition to be engaged by the teeth 3 of the arms 2. From this arrangement it follows that when any one of the longitudinal actuatingbars is moved forward the teeth 3 will engage with the toothed wheel 44 relating thereto,and thereby turn the particular printing-wheel relating to said toothed wheel.

Suitable means should be provided for inking the type on the printing-wheels, and in the accompanying drawings I show the preferred means for accomplishing this, consisting of two reels 45 45, mounted loosely on a transverse shaft 4G. Upon these reels is carried an inking-ribbon 47. This inking-ribbon passes from one reel to the other and across the faces of the printingwheels, as most clearly shown in Fig. 2, it being guided across the faces of the printing-wheels by reason of its passage in the grooved ends of brackets 48 48, extending from the shaft 42 of the printing-wheels. These brackets also project below said shafts and are provided with lateral outwardly-extending fingers 49 49,y

which extend across and at a slight distance from the peripheries of the reels and beneath which the hiking-ribbon is passed on its passage to the reels, the said inking-ribbon being thereby carried to the reels in a flat condition.

Mounted in the upper ends of forwardlyprojecting arms 50 50, which arms also form bearings for the shaft 46, are bell-crank levers 5l 5l. The lower arms of these levers extend forwardly and over the shaft 25, said shaft having radiating therefrom pins 52 52, which on the revolution of the shaft are adapted to engage with said lower arms of the bell-crank levers, and thereby turn the levers on their pivots. Pivoted to the upper ends of the upper arms of the bell-crank levers are dogs 53 53, each dog provided along one edge with a series of teeth. The outer side of each reel 45 is toothed peripherally, and when either of the dogs is turned on its pivot to the position shown in Fig. l the teeth lthereof will engage with the teeth of the toothed periphery of the side of the reel therebeneath. The edge of each dog opposite to its toothed edge is provided with a notch 54, which, when the dog is turned on its pivot in a direction to disengage its teeth from the toothed periphery of the side of the reel, is adapted to be engaged by a lug 55, projecting inwardly from the upper arm of each bell-crank lever 5l, thereby supporting the dog in its inoperative position. lt will be understood that only one dog should be in .operative position at a time-that is to say,

with its teeth in engagement, Fig. l, showing one of the dogs thrown into operative position and the other dog thrown out of operative position. As previously stated, the reels are mounted loosely on their shaft 46, and said shaft is capable of a slight longitudinal play or movement in its bearing. Against one of the outer ends of the shaft is .adapted to bear the free end of a spring 56. Against the opposite outer end of this shaft may be turned an arm 57, said arm being pivoted at its lower end to one of the bearing-arms 50. When arm 57 is turned rearwardly to the limit permitted by its contact with a stoppin 5S, it does not act on the end of the shaft 46 the end of said shaft 46 being beveled. The result is that the spring 56, which acts against the opposite end of the shaft, will force said shaft toward the right of Fig. 2, and consequently force the outer side piece or liange of the right-hand reel into frictional contact with the adjacent parts, it being understood that the shaft 46 is shouldered at two points, as indicated by the numeral 59, (see Fig. 2,) and these shoulders are adapted, respectively, to act against the inner sides of the reels when the shaft is moved longitudinally in either direction. If the parts are in the position shown in Fig. l of the drawings and the machine is operated, after t-he shaft 25 has rotated a certain distance one of the reel and cause the ribbon to wind up thereon.

and unwind from the opposite reel. The moment the pin 52 ceases to act on the bell-crank lever said bell-crank lever is permitted to re- IOO IIO

turn to its normal position, and in so returning draws the dog 53 forwardly. In view of the fact that this right-hand reel is frictionally engaged with the parts adjacent the d rag of the dog over the teeth of the reel on its return forward movement is not sufficient to overcome the friction aud rotate the reel backward. After the ribbon is fully Wound up on the right-hand reel the right-hand dogl is turned out of operative position and the lefthand dog then turned into operative position. The action will new be reversed-that is to say, the ribbon will wind up on the left-hand reel and unwind from the right-hand reel.

.Iournaled in the side pieces of the framework is a rock-shaft GO. Projecting downwardly from this shaft are crank-arms 6l 61. 'lo the ends of these crank-arms are pivotally jointed the forward ends of links G2 62. The rear ends of these links are pivotally jointed to the lower ends of medially-pivoted levers (33 63. The upper ends of these levers carry a spindle lit, upon which is mounted a paper carrying and feeding cylinder G5. This cylinder has adjacent thereto the usual curved paper guide and holder 66. Bearing against' the under side of the cylinder is the usual yielding guide-roll G7. The spindle 64: has also mounted thereon adjacent to one end of the paper-carrying cylinder a ratchel-wheel G8 for spacing the paper. This wheel is engaged by two pawls, one of said pawls being indicated by the numeral 69 and the other by the numeral 70. Pawl (59 is pivoted to the fixed frame of the machine, and pawl 70 is pivoted toA one of the levers G3. The upper end of pawl 70 is provided with a projecting lug 7l, which bears against the upper end of pawl 6!) and holds said pawl in engagement with a tooth of the ratchet-wheel. A coiled spring 72 is secured to pawl 69 and serves to cause said pawl to jump into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheelon the movement of the paper-carrying cylinder. Both ofthese pawls are normally in engagement with the same tooth of the ratchet-wheel, and said ratchet-wheel is therefore held firmly against accidental turning from its normal position. In the operation of these pawls when the paper-carryingcylinderisswungforwardly,so as to bring the paper into contact with the printing-wheels, the pawl 70 necessarily remains in engagement with the same tooth of the ratchet-wheel in view of the fact that said pawl is carried by one of the medially-pivoted levers G3. The pawl (Si), however, on the forward movement of the paper-carrying cylinder will jump into engagement with the next lower tooth of the ratchet-wheel by reason of the fact that said pawl is pivoted to the fixed framework. On the return movement of the paper-carrying cylinder the pawl (59 will necessarily cause the cylinder to be rotated rearwardly the distance of one tooth, thereby shifting the paper the space of a line, and the pawl 70 will then jump into engagement with said tooth, and the two pawls will then be engaging the same tooth, ready Afor a repetition of this operation on the next movement of the paper-carrying cylinder.

Standards or arms 74- 74- project rearwardly from the frame of the machine and serve as bearings for a shaft 75, on which a reel 7U is mounted, said reel having the paper 77, upon which the printing is done, wound thereon. This paper is extended upwardly from the reel, thence between the guide-roller G7 and the paper-carrying cylinder, and thence between said cylinder and the curved paperguide 6G.

By referring to the printing-wheels it will be found that there is a space 78 formed between every two of the projecting type. The spaces when several of the printing-wheels are brought into printing position are adapted to be engaged by suitable mechanism, so as to hold said wheels firm in adjusted position, and thereby provide for proper alinement. In the drawings I show for the purpose au inverted-U-shaped bar 7). The depending arms of this U-shaped bar are pivoted at intermediatepoints on pivot-pins 8O SO, extending from the standards or arms 7l. The links 62 have projecting laterally therefrom pins 8l 81, which when the links are 'moved rearwardly are adapted to contact with the lower ends of the depending arms of the U-shaped bar, and thereby turn said bar in the proper direction to cause the4 upper horizontal portion thereof to engage with the registeringspaces 78 of the printing-wheels, and thereby hold said wheels locked with the characters on the several wheels which have been brought to printing position properly alined ready for printing. Of course on the return forward movement of the links U2 the pins Sl are withdrawn from engagement with the lower ends of the depending arms of the U- shaped rod, and hence said rod is permitted to return toits normal position ont of engagement with the spaces 7S.

Any desirable means for causing a movement of the links G2 in order to eileet the printing operation may be employed; but I prefer to employ the automatic means herein shown and no w about to be described. Mounted fast on the rock-shaft GO is a bellcrank lever S2. The lower arm of this lever has connected thereto one end of a coiled spring S3, the opposite end of said spring being connected to a fixed point. The upper end of the bell-crank lever is provided with a lateral projection Si, which rests on a camsurface S5, formed on a cylinder 8G, said cylinder being mounted on a transverse shaft 87. Also on the shaft S7 is mounted a toothed wheel 88, which is in mesh with the teeth of wheel 2S. It is obvious by this construction that when the hand crank is turned the toothed wheel 88, through the series of intermeshing gears, will cause the cylinder SG to rotate. As this cylinder rotates the lateral projection S4 of the bell-crank lever will ride around on the cam S5, being held in contact IIO ijo

therewith by the spring 83, and when the cylinder has been rotated sufficiently far to bring the lateral projection to 'the highest point of the cam it will then drop down to the lower point, and in so doing will causea turning of the bell-crank lever 82 in a direction to thrust the links 62 rearwardly, and as the rear ends ot' these links are pivotally connected to the medially-pivoted levers G3 said levers will be rocked in a direction to cause thc paper-carrying cylinder carried thereby to be thrown forwardly, and thereby bring-the paper into contact with the type on the printing-wheels, which have been brought to printing position. Now with the continued turning of the cylinder the lateral lprojection S4 of the bellcrank lever will ride from the lowest point of the cam and up the gradually-widening camsurface, and in so doing the bell-crank lever will be gradually turned in an opposite direction, so as tobring the links 62 forwardly, and thereby throw the paper-carrying cylinder rearwardly, or, in other words, return it to its normal position.

The shaft 25 is normally locked against being rotated. This-locking is effected by means of a transverse locking-bar 89. This har is provided at one end (the left-hand end, taking Fig. 4 as abasis) with a transverse extension 90. At the upper end of this extension is a lateral outwardly-extending pin 91, said pin passing through an opening 92 in one of the side pieces of the casing and having its end in close proximity to the inner side of the toothed wheel 26. This toothed wheel is provided upon its inner side with a lug 93, (see Fig. 4,) with which the pin 914 is normallyin engagement, and hence the shaft 25 is thereby locked against rotation. The lower end of the extension 90 is provided with an outwardly-extending finger-key 94, said -key extending through an opening therefor in one of the side pieces of the frame and being provided on its outer end with a pressure button or enlargement. The opposite end of the locking-bar 89, or lthe right-hand end thereof, Fig. 4, extends slightly through an opening 95 in the side piece of the frame. The lower bordering edge of this opening is provided. with two oppositely-beveled surfaces meeting at a point and forming a conical projection 96. vA conical lug 97 on the lower edge of the lockingbar is adapted to engage either one or the other of the beveled surfaces of the conical projectionv 96. The outer right-hand'extremity is formed with a bevel 98. The crank 30 on this side of the machine is formed with an extension 99. (See particularly Fig. 2.) When the pin 91 of the locking-bar is in engagement with the lug 93 of the wheel 26, the shaft 25 is of course prevented from being rotated. Now

before the machine can be operated the unlocking must of course be effected. This is accomplished ordinarily by the depression of the operating-keys q. As has heretofore been fully explained, the depression of any par ticular operating-key in a line will cause the stop-arm 11 relating thereto to be turned on its pivot, and this turning of the stop-arm will turn all of the zero-arms 14 to the left thereof (taking Fig. 4 as a basis) on their pivots. New it will be noticed that the last zero-arm to the left, Fig. 4, extends downwardly a slightly-greater distance than the other zeroarms, and its inner edge is adjacent to a pin 100, projecting from the locking-bar 89. It is obvious that by this construction when said last zero-arm to theleftis turned inthe manner set forth its lower end will act against the pin 100, and thereby cause the locking-bar S9 to slide toward the right, and hence bring the lateral outivardly-projecting pin 91 out of engagement with the lug 93 on the inner face of the wheel 26. The shaft 25 is now of course free to be turned by operating the hand-crank. Just before the hand-crank has completed a full turn the extension 99 from the right-hand crank 30, Fig. 4, will act against thelbeveled end 9S of the locking-bar and thrust said bar to the left, and hence cause the pin 91 to be again brought into position to be engaged by the lug 93, and thereby again lock the shaft 25. This locking therefore serves to limit the extent of the turning and prevent overrotation of the shaft 25, or, in other words, stops the rotation of said shaft at the time all the operations of the machine have been completed. In Fig. 4 the locking-bar is shown in locked engagement, and in this position the conical lug 97 is in engagement with the in- 'ner inclined portion of the conical projection 96, and hence the locking-bar is held in this position against accidental movement longi- 'tudinally. Vhen the locking-bar is thrust to the right or to its unlocking position, then the conical lug 97 engages with the outer beveled surface of the conical projection 96, and hence is held in that position against accidental movement. A coiled spring 101 is connected at one end to the locking-bar 89 and at its other end to a fixed part. This spring serves to hold the conical lug 97 in firm engagement with either of the inclined surfaces of the conical projection 97.

After aseries of numbers have been printed on the slip of paper and it is then desired to print the total the paper should be shifted the space of a line in order to leave adivisional space between the figures and the total, but yet the position to which the calculating-wheels have been rotated should not be changed, so as to preserve the total as displayed on said calculating-wheels. Consequently it is obvious that the operating-keys q should not be depressed, as by so doing the stop-arms 11 and the zero-arms 14 would be turned in the manner hereinbefore described, and hence the longitudinally-actuating bars y would be thrust forwardly and the calculating-Wheels turned on the return rearward movement of said actuating-bars. It therefore becomes necessary to make provision for this shifting of the paper without the necessity IOO IIO

of depressing the operating-keys, and to accomplish this the locking-bar S0 must necessarily be unlocked by means other than the operating-keys in order to permit the papershifting mechanism to come intoplay. This is provided for by the provision of the key 94. By pressing inwardly on this key the pin 91 is brought out of engagement with the lug 93, and hence the shaft 25 is free to be turned by the hand-crank. The longitudinal actuating-bars y, however, will not be moved forwardly, owing to the fact that thev zero-arms 14 have not been operated. The paper-carrying cylinder, however, by reason of the turning of the hand-crank, will be thrown forwardly into contact with the prin ting-Wheels, and on its return rearward throw the paper will be shifted the space of a line. In View of the fact that when the paper-carryin g cylinder is thus thrust forwardly all the printing-wheels are ata blank space of course there will be no printing on the paper.

A spring pressed pawl 7 3 engages the toothed wheel 2G and prevents backward rotation thereof.

It may frequently happen that it is desired to perform the calculating without printing the numbers on the slip of paper. I therefore provide mechanism whereby the medially-pivoted arms 63 are prevented from being turned forwardly on their'pivots. This consists in providing a pivoted latch 102, which is provided with an outwardly-extending handle 103. This latch normally occupies the position shown in Fig. 1. When it is desired that the numbers should not be printed, this latch is turned downwardly, so that its end will contact with one of the medially-pivoted levers 63. It is evident when this latch is thus thrown down that when the hand-crank is subsequently turned only the calculating-wheels will be operated, while the printing mechanism will be entirely out of operation.

It is necessary in machines of this character to provide means when one of the calculating-wheels has made a complete revolutionfi. e., has been turned so as to bring 07 t0 View, through its appropriate sight-openingfor carrying over onto the next calculatingwheel of the series. To provide for this, I employ a series of graduated pins 10-1, extending from cylinder 86 and for a desired distance about one-half around and spirally of its circumference. Projecting from the periphery of each calculating-wheel excepting the last calculating-wheel of the series is a pin 105. A series of spring-pressed pivoted dogs 106 are so arranged that their upper ends are in position to be acted upon by the pins 105 when the calculating-wheels make a complete revolution. Each dog is provided with a notch 107 and also with a shoulder 108 below said notch. A series of spring-pressed lovers 109 are also provided, and each of these levers is provided with a laterally-projecting with the notch 107, as shown in Fig. 3. A pawl 111 is pivoted to the end of each lever 100, and the uppcrends of these pawls engage with the teeth of the ratchet-wheels (j, eX- cepting the first ratchet-wheel at the right hand end. Each pawl is held yieldingly in engagement with the teeth of the ratchetwheel (i by means of a coiled spring 112, one end of each of said springs being secured to one of the pawls and the other end to one of the levers 100. In the operation of this carrying-over mechanism when one of the calculating-wheels is completing its revolution, or, in other words, is rotating the distance from the numeral 9 thereon to the 0 mark, the pin 105 of said calculating-wheel will engage the upper end of the dog 10hl and turn said dog rearwardly on its pivot. This will release the lug 110 .of the lever 109 from engagement with the notch 107, and thereby permit the lever to drop by the action of the spring thereon, bringing the lug thereof into engagement with the shoulder 108, as clearly shown in Fig. 13, and also bringing the upper end of the pawl 111 into engagement with the next lower tooth ofl the ratchet-wheel l than the tooth with which it is shown in en gagement with in Fig. 3. Now with the ro tation of the cylinder S6 one of the pins 105i of said cylinder is brought into engagement with the rear end of the pivoted lever 100, and said lever is thereby again caused to he raised and at the same time the pawl 111 is raised therewith. The raising of the pawl causes said pawl to rotate the ratchet-wheel 6 with which it is in engagement the distance of one tooth, and consequently carry over one number from a preceding calculating-wheel of the series to a succeeding calculating-wheel of the series. The uplifting of the lever 109 also again brings the lug 110 ICO thereof into engagement with the notch 107,

and consequently the parts are again held at their normal positions. v

From the description of the machine thus far it will be apparent that on the forward movement of the longitudinal actuating-bars y the ratchet-wheels 6 are not rotated, the teeth 1 of said bars slipping by the teeth of the ratchet-wheels. On the reverse rearward movement of the actuating-bars, however, the teeth 1 actively engage the teeth of the ratchet-'wheels and cause a rotation of said wheels. In order to hold the actuating-bars firmly in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheels during this rearward movement of said actuating-bars, I provide a pivoted bar 113, said bar provided with a series of projecting fingers llehpreferably of springy material, there being one of said fingers for each actuating-bar. I furthermore provide a pivoted arm 115, said arm provided with a lug 116 at its forward end, projecting laterally from one side thereof. I further provide a pivoted lever 117, which carries ata medial point an antifriction-roller 118, said lug 110, which is normally in engagement roller being in position to be acted upon by IIO roller 118, and thereby turn the lever 117 up-f wardly, which will of course cause an upward throw of the pivoted arm 115, and this arm in turn will cause an upward throw-of the pivoted bar 113, and kthe fingers of this bar will be thereby brought into engagement with the different longitudinal actuating-bars y and said bars thereby thrown upwardly, soy

that the teeth thereof will be in firm engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheels 6 during the rearward movement of the actuating-bars. Fig. 9 shows the position of the parts before this action takes place, while Fig. 13 shows a longitudinal actuating-bar -which has been uplifted in the manner eX- plained.

It sometimes happens that by accident a wrong operating -key is depressed. If no means were provided to prevent it, before said keys could be returned to normal position it would be necessary to turn the crankhandle, and consequently the wrong number would be added on the calculating-wheels and the wrong number printed on the slip of paper.. It is therefore important that means should be provided for returning the operating-keys to normal position after being depressed and without the necessity of turning the crank-handle, as j ust referred to. I have heretofore described the transverse lever-actuating bar 22 and the rod 39, provided with an inclined surface on its inner side, which engages the inclined end 41 'of said lever-actuating bar 22 and is adapted to move said lever-actuating bar longitudinally, so as to release the slidable bars r. I have also referred to the rod 39 as being continued upwardly and provided atits upper end with a finger-button. This upward. extension from the rod 39 I have designated by the numeral 120, and it is through the medium of this upward extension that I am enabled to return the operating-keys when a wrong key is depressed without the necessity of operating the calculating-wheels and the printing mechanism. This is accomplished merely by pressing downwardly on the extension 120, and 'this will of course cause a down movement of the rod 39, which down movement will cause the leveractuating bar 22 to move longitudinally, and hence release the slidable bars r and permit said bars to return to normal position. I/Vith the returning of the slidable bars to their normal position of course the operating-keys are also free to return to their normal position. The rod 39 after finger-pressure thereon is removed'is returned to its normal position by the action of a spring 121.

After a total of several numbers are displayed on the calculating-wheels it is desirable that said total should remain displayed on the wheels until the printing of the total is effected, so that the total as shown by the calculating wheels and the total amount printed may agree. To provide for this, I employ on the left hand of the machine a key 122. The inner edge of this key is provided ata medial point with an inclined portion 123, which is adapted to act on a pin 124, projecting laterally from a lever 125. The free end of a spring 126 acts on the pin 124 and normally holds it in engagement with the incline, -as shown in Fig. 7. The pivot of the lever 125 is at the lower end of said lever, and to a rearward extension from the upper end of the lever is pivoted the arm 115, hereinbefore referred to. In the operation of this mechanism after the total is shown on the calculating-wheels the necessary operatingkeys for printing the total on the slip of paper are depressed. pressed down and held in its depressed position by finger-pressure thereon. This down pressure on the key 122 will cause the incline 123 thereof to act on the pin 124 and cause the lever 125 to be thrown forwardly. This forward throw `of the lever 125 will carry the arm 115 therewith, and the lug 116 of said arm will ride down the inclined end of the pivoted lever 117, and hence thereby bring the forward end of arm 115 at a low plane. The hand-crank is now turned and the total will be printed on the slip of paper. The calculating-wheels, however, will not be turned by reason of the fact that the arm 115 is at such a low plane that when acted upon by the lever 117 on the up movement of the 1ever the said arm 115 will not be raised high enough to act on the pivoted bar 113, and hence the longitudinal actuating-bars y are not on their rearward throw forced upwardly into engagement with the teeth of the ratchetwheels 6. The forward edge of the lever 125, it will be noticed, is provided with a notch l123, which when `the lever is thrown forwardly will engage with the rear edge of the bar 113, and thereby positively lock said bar against any up movement thereof. After the operation described is completed finger- The key 122 is thenl IOO IIO

pressure is removed from the key 122, and a spring 129, acting against the lower end of said key, will return it to its normal position.

Of course before beginning an operation it is necessary that all the calculating-wheels should be set at 0. This is accomplished by the following mechanism: On the right hand of the machine is a O key 130. This key is provided on its forward edge with a shoulder 131. Said key is also providedwith an inclined recess 132, which is engaged by a pin 133, projecting from apush-bar 134. This push-bar is secured by means of a pin 135, passing through an elongated slot in the forward end of said bar. The upper edge of the IZO 137 on the under side of avpivoted plate 138. The end of the push-bar 134 is beveled on one side, and this beveled end fits between the side of the frame and the side of the extension 90 of the transverse locking-bar 89. The numeral 139 indicates a catch provided at its upper end with a projecting lug, which lug when the O key is pressed downwardly is adapted to engage with the shcnlder131 of the O key, and thereby hold sait` O key in its depressed position, a spring 140, bearing against the upper end of the catch, serving to hold said catch in engagement, The inclined recess 132 of the O key when said key is depressed of course acts upon the pin 133 of the push-bar 134 and causes said bar to be moved rearwardly. This will have the effect of forcing the beveled end of the pushbar farther in between the side of the frame and the side of the extension 90 of the transverse locking-bar 89, and hence said bar is caused to move longitudinally a sufficient distance to release the pin 91 thereof from engagement with the lug 93 of the wheel 26, and thereby unlock the shaft 25. The rearward movement of the push-bar also causes the neline 136 thereof to act on the inclined surface 137 of the pivoted plate 138, and hence turn said plate upwardly. This plate will then act on the spring-pressed levers 109 and raise any of said levers which may be turned downwardly, so as to prevent carrying over the lirst time the operati 11g-keys are operated after the calculating-wheels are all set at zero. Plate 138 is provided with a projection 141, (see Fig. 9,) which is in position to act upon a downward projection from a catch-bar 142. This catch-bar is provided near its forward end and upon its under side with a notch 143, which is adapted normally to be engaged by a pin 144, projecting laterally from one side and near the forward end of a longitudinal O actuating-bar 145. The catch-bar 142 is supported on a transverse bar 146, the upper edge of which is rounded to fit in a rounded recess 147 on the under edge of the catclrbar. This engagement of the transverse bar 146 forms a medial pivot for the catch-bar. The transverse bar 146 is provided on its upper edge with a series of recesses 148 (see Fig. 3) to admit of the passage therethrough of the several longitudinal actuating-bars y and of the O actuating-bar 145. The O actuating-bar has another pin 149 projecting from the side thereof, (see Fig. 10,) but from the side opposite to the side from which the pin 144 projects. In line to be engaged by this pin 149 is a locking-dog 150, which is provided on its under side with a rounded recess 151, which lits over the rounded bottom edge of one of the recesses 148 of the transverse bar 146, thereby forming a medial fulcrum or pivot for the dog 150. At its forward end the dog is provided with a forward projection which normally engages a recess 152, formed ina disk 153, said disk being fast on the shaft 4 and provided with a rigid ratchet-wheel154. A coiled spring 155 engages the rear end of the locking-dog and normally holds the forward end of said dog in engagement with the recess 152. lt will be understood that all of the several calculating wheels 5 and their rigid ratchet-wheels 6 are mounted loose on the shaft 4. Each calculating-wheel is provided on one side with a medially-pivotal dog 156, one end of which is acted upon by the free end of a spring 157. The shaft 4 has also projecting therefrom a series of pins 158. In the operation of this O setting mechanism the O key 130 is depressed, and this will cause the engagement of the catch 139 Lwith the shoulder 131 of said O key, and hence hold the O key in its depressed position. At the same time the inclined recess 132 will act on the pin and cause a rearward movement 0f the pushbar 134, and hence cause an unlocking of the shaft 25 in the manner hereinbefore described, and thereby permit of the turning of the hande crank. The forward movement of the push bar will also raise the pivoted plate 138 and cause the extension 141 thereof to act on the catch-bar 142, and hence release the catch 143 of the catch-bar from engagement with the pin 144. The longitudinal O actuating-bar is now of course free to be moved, and this is accomplished in the same manner as the moving of any of the longitudinal actuating-bars g/-iL c., by turning the handcrank 27. After the O actuating-bar is moved forwardly a certain distance the pin 149 thereof will pass beneath the rear end of the locking-dog 150 and cause said dog to be turned in a direction to release its forward end from engagement with the recess 152 of the disk 153. Now with the continued turning of the crank-handle the O actuatingbar begins its return rearward throw and is lifted up, so as to bring its teeth into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel154, by means of the pivoted bar 113, and this ratchet-wheel is thereby turned, and by reason of the fact that said ratchet-wheel is fast on the shaft 4 said shaft is thereby turned and its pins 158 are successively brought into engagement with the medially-pivoted dogs 156 of said calculating-wheels as had been rotated, so that O thereon was not in line with the sight-openings, and these calculating-wheels are thereby turned, and by the time the ratchet-wheel 154 has made a complete revolution all of the calculating-wheels referred to will have been rotated until O thereon is visible through the sight-openings. It will be noticed that the outer ends of the pins 158 are beveled, so that in the ordinary rotation of the calculating-wheels the dogs 156 will slip by said pins, and hence the rotation of the calculating-wheels will not be interfered with. Now when the ratchetwheel 154 shall have made a complete revolution, as just explained, its recess 152 will have been returned to normal position, and by this time also the O actuating-bar will IOO IIO

have been moved rearwardly a sufficient distance to bring itsl pin 149 out of engagement with the locking-dog 150, and hence said locking-dog, through the action of the spring 155, will be returned to its normal position, with its forward end in engagement with the recess 152. It also of course becomes necessary to return the O key 130 to its nornal position on the return rearward movement ofthe O actuating-bar 145, and this is accomplished by means of a pin 159, projecting from the toothed wheel 88, (see Fig. 1,) which pin at about the completion of the revolution of the wheel SS contacts with a projection 160 from the catch 139. throws the upper end of said catch out of engagement with the shoulder 131 of the 0 key 130, and the moment this release occurs a spring 161, actingv on the lower end of the O key, forces said key-upwardly toits normal raised position. On the up movement of the O key. recess 132 again acts on the pin 133 of the push-bar 134, and thereby slides said push-bar forwardly to a normal position. In thus sliding forwardly its rear end is brought out of wedging engagement with the transverse locking-bar 89, and hence said bar is permitted to return to its normal position, in which it locks the shaft 25. Also the inclined surface 136 of the push-bar so acts on the inclined surface 137 of the pivoted plate 138 as to allow the free end of said plate to fall, and thereby permit the catch-bar 142 to return to its normal position, in which its notch 143 is in locked engagement with the pin 144 of the O actuating-bar 145.` Of course in the operation of this 0 setting mechanism it is necessary that the printing mechanism should be thrown out of operation. To provide for this, I fornron the under side of the push-bar 134 a rearward projection 162, which is in line to engage the lug 84 of the bell-crank lever 82. It is obvious from this construction that when the pushbar is forced rearwardly the projection 162 thereof is brought into contact with the lug 84 of said bell-crank lever, and hence said lug is held out of Contact with the cam 85 of the cylinder 86, whereby of course the printing mechanism is prevented from operating.

Before commencing to operate the machine it should be seen that all the calculatingwheels are set at 0, and if not so set they should be so adjusted in the manner hereinbefore explained.

In performing a mathematical problem it is of course necessary to depress the operating-keys q and then turn the hand-crank 27. This has the effect of permitting the longitudinal actuating-bars y to move forwardly by the action of the springs 8, the forward movement being limited by contact of the shoulders 16 of each actuating-bar with the lower end of the depressed key or with the angular ledge z, beneath the 9 keys, in case these 9 keys are depressed, and this movement is such as to cause the printing- This wheels 43, through the engagement of the teeth'3 with the wheels 44, to be rotated the proper distance to bring the type thereon corresponding to the numerals of the keys depressed to printing position. At the same time the paper-carrying cylinder is thrown forwardly, so as to bring the paper carried thereby into engagement with the type on the printing-wheel which have been brought to printing position. tinued turning of the hand-crank the papercarrying cylinder is returned to normal position and the. transverse bar 32 begins its rearward return movement, and thereby causes the longitudinal actuating-bars y to be moved rearwardly, which rearward movement will cause the several calculating-wheels to be turned so as to display the numbers corresponding to the keys depressed through the appropriate sight-openings, and also the other operations hereinbefore4 described will take place. In connection with this general description of the operation of my machine animportant function of certain of the mechanism will now be referred to. This is the capability of the machine to print zeros with only the necessity of depressing one key, It will be understood that the calculating-wheels are always normally set at O, whereas the printing-wheels are normally set at blank spaces. For instance, suppose it is desired to display or add one hundred on the calculating-Wheels and to print this number on the slip of paper. To accomplish this, it is only necessary to depress, for instance, the

1 key inthe third line of keys. yThis pressing downwardly of the 17 key will turn its zero-arm 14 out of engagement with the lug 10 of its actuating-bar and also turn the companion arm 11 on its pivot and hence unlock said actuating-bar, so as to permit it when the hand-crank is turned to move forwardly. This forward movement, which is limited by contact of the shoulder 16 with the depressed key, is sufficient to turn the printing-Wheel relating to the particular bar so moved a sufficient distance to rotate the printing-wheel from the blank space which is in printing position to bring the numeral 1'of the printing-wheel in printing position, and on the subsequent return movement of said actuating-bar the calculatingwheel relating thereto is turned from its normal position, in which O is displayed through the sight-opening, to a position in which 1 is displayed through said sightopening. At the time the zero-arm 14 referred to was turned the two zero-arms to the left thereof (taking Fig. 4 as a basis) were also turned in the manner hereinbefore fully pointed out. The arms 11, however, mounted on the pivots of these particular zero-arms 14, are not turned. The turning of these zeroarms will release them from engagement with the lugs 10 of the longitudinal actuating-bars relating thereto, and said actuating-bars are thereby permitted to move forwardly until the Vith the con- .A

IOO

IIO

. ing-bars, however, they do not turn the calculating-wheels, said bars being provided with blank spaces 163 (sec Fig. 3) near their forward ends, so that on this slight rearward movement these blank spaces are beneath the ratchet-wheels 6, and consequently of course the calculating-wheels are not rotated, and hence they are left at their normal position, in which 0 is displayed through the sight-openings.

In the operation of adding by my improved machine it will be supposed that it is desired to add 5,192, 10,000, 8,050. Press down key 5 in the fourth column, key l in the third column, key 9 in the second column, and key 2 in the first column. Turn crankhandle once around and 5,192 is type-written and shows on the calculatingwheels. Next press key 1 in fifth column and turn crank once around, as before, and 10,000 is type-written and the same added to the former amount on calculating-wheels. Next press key l in fourth column and key 5 in second column, and then turn crank-handle once around, as before. Turn crank-handle onc`e again and calculating-wheels show the total 23,242. The last turn of the crank-handle referred to also spaced the paper on the cylinder in order to leave a divisional space between the figures and their total. I-Iaving the several sums now added and type-Written, it is necessary to type-write the total. This is accomplished as follows: Press key 2 in fifth column, key 3 in fourth column, key 2 in third column, key 4 in second column, and key 2 in first column. Then turn crank-handle once around and the operation is finished. In order to leave the total on calculating-wheels to compare for verifying the type-written total, press the keys in their proper columns as per the sum total. Then depress the total-key 122 and turn crank once around. Depressing the total-key prevents the bars from actuating the calculating wheels, as hereinbefore fully pointed out.

Then using machine for multiplication, the papencarryin g cylinder is locked by properly manipulating the pivoted latch 102. Suppose it is desired to multiply 420 by 32. This is accomplished by pressing key 4 in third column, key 2 in second column, and then turning crank handle once around. This operation is then repeated. Next press key 4 in fourth column, key 2 in third column, and then turn crank once around. This operation is repeated twice, and after which the crank-handle is again turned and the wheels show 13,440.

Vhile in the accompanying drawings I have shown the characters on the calculatingwheels and on the printing-wheels as numor als ruiming from 0 to 9, yet it will be understood that these characters may be changed to characters in other languages or to suit currencydesignations used in any particular country.

i/Vhiie I have herein shown and described specific details of construction, yet I do not wish to be understood as restricting myself thereto, inasmuch as mechanical changes or variations thereof capable of performing the same functions are deemed to be within the spirit and scope of my invention.

While the mechanism for setting all the calculating-wheels to 0, as hereinbefore described, has been found by experience to efficiently perform the operations described, yet this construction might be open to the objection of being too complicated, and hence I have shown in Fig. 20 a modified form of construction for accomplishing the function referred to and which, as will be readily seen, is exceedingly simple in construction. In this form I mount on one end of the shaft 4 a crank-handle 164. I also mount fast on said shaft a disk 165, provided with a peripheral recess 166. This disk, however, is not provided with a rigid ratchet-wheel, as in the other form of construction. The 0 key in the modified form is indicated by the numeral 167, and this key is provided with elongatedslots 16S 168, through which pins 169 169 pass and guide the key in its vertical movement. The key is normally held np by a fiat spring 170, the free end of which bears against a pin 171, projecting from the 0 key. Also projecting from said 0 key is a short arm 17 2, provided with an upwardlyextending lug 173, which normally engages the recess 166 of the disk 165. The lower end of the 0 key normally bears against a medially-pivoted lever 174, near one end of said lever, and the opposite end of the lever bears beneath the pivoted bar 13S, which is similar to the correspondingl bar 138 shown in the other figures of the drawings and is adapted to prevent the levers 109 from falling into carrying position. In the operation of this modified form of construction the 0 key is depressed, and this has the effect of releasing the lug 173 from engagement with the recess 166. The crank 164 is now turned, and this has the effect of turning the shaft 4, and consequently the disk 165, the lug 173 now riding around on the periphery of the disk. By this rotation of the shaft the calculating-wheels are all turned to 0 in exactly the same manner as hereinbefore explained, and at the time they are all turned so as to display 0 the recess 166 will be again brought into line with the lug 173, and the spring 170 will then raise the 0 key 167 and cause the lug 173 thereof to engage the recess 166. The depression of the 0 key also causes the medially-pivoted lever IOO IIO 

